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Before soft packaging printing, first understand the types and usage of water-based ink additives.
This article explores the patent landscape surrounding zippers, a common household item. You might assume zippers were initially designed for their current applications, but that wasn't the case. As the saying goes, where there's demand, there's a market; and innovation wins the market. Take zippers, for example. Before their invention, connecting two edges typically involved: (1) Buttons: Chinese button knots are still practical, and some clothing still uses them. (2) Laces: Iconic laces and bows. (3) Hook and Loop Fasteners: Unfortunately, I couldn't find an image; imagine a hook and loop working together. So, what would these methods look like on boots, especially the tall boots popular when zippers were in their infancy? Imagine replacing the zippers in the image above with buttons. Considering the less refined and durable buttons of that era, a pair of tall boots might have 20 or more buttons. Putting them on or taking them off might take 30 minutes each (for those with slow hands or less dexterity)... This is the environment in which zippers developed. Research reveals multiple claims regarding the origin (inventor) of the zipper. However, the earliest zipper-related patent I could find is: Those with mechanical knowledge might recognize the structural features of the diagram. However, the key point is the patent application date: August 27, 1914 – quite early! The second question is: how many zipper-related patents exist today? Using Baitian's patent search engine with the keyword "zipper", I found: Disregarding whether all patents relate to zipper structures (some might cover manufacturing processes), the image shows 5159 authorized and valid patents related to zippers. What does this mean? If you want to start a zipper manufacturing, business, or sales company, you must ensure your product's structure is either existing technology or entirely innovative, exceeding existing technology and patents. Otherwise, you risk receiving a notice of patent infringement (though the likelihood is low, the risk exists). I lack the resources to examine all 5000+ valid patents; those interested can explore further. This search is limited to domestic patents and uses the simple keyword "zipper." Zippers are also called "zipper locks," but "zipper" is more common. Internationally, even the Japanese term, when translated, isn't "zipper" but "clamp," which is quite puzzling. A complete search would require considering broader concepts like "sliding fasteners" and "tightening devices." This might yield a more comprehensive result. Please point out any omissions. This and future content aim to promote and popularize patents. Feel free to discuss further if you're interested. Any similarities are purely coincidental.
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1. pH Stabilizer. A pH stabilizer replenishes the ammonia and water that evaporate from the ink system during printing, helping to stabilize the ink viscosity and ensuring printing quality. Depending on the substrate, pH stabilizers are divided into general and film types. When printing fine halftones, a special pH stabilizer should be used. Generally, the usage of a pH stabilizer is to add 1%-2% of the total ink amount every 30-40 minutes, stirring evenly, or adding the stabilizer to the circulating ink pump.
2. Defoamer. Generally, an appropriate amount of defoamer is added to the ink before printing to prevent the ink from foaming. If necessary, an appropriate amount of defoamer can be added during the printing process. The amount of defoamer used each time should not exceed 0.5%~1% of the total ink amount.
3. Fast-drying and Slow-drying Agents. Fast-drying and slow-drying agents can be added to the ink according to the actual printing speed of the printing machine to appropriately change the drying speed of the water-based ink to obtain satisfactory printing results. The amount used is 1%-2% of the total ink amount.
4. Reducer. Adding a reducer can reduce the color concentration of a certain ink without changing the pH value and viscosity. The amount used should be determined according to the specific situation.
5. Diluent. Adding a diluent to the ink can reduce the viscosity of thickened water-based ink without affecting the pH value. The amount used must not exceed 5% of the total ink amount.
6. Enhancer. An enhancer can enhance the adhesion of printing ink or gloss varnish to the substrate. The amount used is generally 1%-2% of the total ink amount.
7. Anti-static Agent. An anti-static agent can effectively prevent the accumulation of static electricity on the printing machine. The amount used is generally 0.5%~1% of the total ink amount.
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